Robert F. Kennedy Jr. is challenging the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act (NCVIA), a program designed to shield vaccine manufacturers from liability related to vaccine injuries. This act incentivizes companies to remain in the vaccine market by providing a no-fault compensation system for individuals claiming vaccine-related harm. Kennedy Jr. argues the program lacks sufficient accountability and transparency, hindering vaccine safety improvements. Critics contend that altering the NCVIA could deter manufacturers, potentially leading to vaccine shortages and a resurgence of preventable diseases. The debate highlights the ongoing tension between ensuring vaccine safety and maintaining a stable vaccine supply.