The European Space Agency (ESA) has launched the European Launcher Challenge (ELC), selecting five rocket companies to compete for contracts to provide launch services for ESA between 2026 and 2030. These companies will also vie for contracts to demonstrate upgraded launch capabilities, including flight tests. This initiative aims to address Europe's limited access to space following the retirement of the Ariane 5 rocket in July 2023. The ELC seeks to expand Europe's pathways into space and foster innovation within the European launch sector. The selected companies represent a diverse range of approaches to launch technology.