The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is poised to deliver a potentially groundbreaking ruling on climate change accountability, following a legal challenge initiated by Vanuatu. This 'historic' case could establish crucial legal precedents for nations' responsibilities in addressing climate change impacts. The ICJ's advisory opinion is anticipated to clarify the obligations of states under international law to prevent further environmental damage and compensate vulnerable countries. Experts believe the decision will significantly influence future climate negotiations and litigation worldwide, shaping the legal landscape for climate action and potentially holding major polluters accountable.