Research indicates a potential link between altered gut microbiome composition and fertility challenges in individuals with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Specifically, lower levels of a particular gut microbe, which has been associated with endometrial function, were observed in PCOS patients experiencing difficulty conceiving. This suggests that the gut microbiome could play a significant role in reproductive health for those with PCOS, potentially opening avenues for novel diagnostic and therapeutic interventions targeting the gut-brain-uterus axis to improve fertility outcomes.